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Expressions of Quantity (00)

Hay mucha comida en la mesa means There is a lot of food on the table.

MUCHO is one of the words expressing quantity.

Hay mucha comida en la mesa.

MUCHO = a lot, many, much

MUCHO has different forms depending on what we quantify.

mucho	a lot, much (with uncountable masculine nouns)	Tengo mucho dolor. (I have a lot of pain.)
mucho	a lot, much (with verbs)	Yo trabajo mucho. (I work a lot.)
mucha	a lot, much (with uncountable feminine nouns)	Hay mucha agua en el río. (There is a lot of water in the river.)
muchos	a lot, many (with plural masculine nouns)	Tengo muchos amigos. (I have many friends.)
muchas	a lot, many (with plural feminine nouns)	Necesitamos muchas sillas. (We need many chairs.)

Tenemos muchos libros = We have many books. (muchos libros = many books, a lot of books)

Tenemos muchos libros

Hay muchas cajas. = There are many boxes. (muchas cajas = a lot of boxes, many boxes)

Hay muchas cajas.

No hay mucho café. = There isn´t much coffee. (mucho cafe = much coffee)

No hay mucho café.

El huevo tiene mucha sal. = The egg has a lot of salt. (mucha sal = a lot of salt)

El huevo tiene mucha sal.

Tania gasta mucho. = Tania spends a lot. (gasta mucho = spends a lot)

Tania gasta mucho.

POCO = little, a little, not much, not many

poco	little, not much (with masculine uncountable nouns)	Quiero poco queso en el sándwich. (I want little cheese in my sandwich.)
poco	little, not much (with verbs)	Conozco poco la ciudad.(I don´t know the city much.)
poca	little, not much (with feminine uncountable nouns)	Uso poca mantequilla. (I use a little butter.)
pocos	few, not many (with masculine plural nouns)	Pocos médicos trabajan aquí. (Few doctors work here.)
pocas	few, not many (with feminine plural nouns)	Veo pocas películas en estos días. (These days I don´t watch many movies.)
un poco	a little (with adjectives and adverbs)	El hotel es un poco caro. (The hotel is a little expensive.) La playa está un poco lejos. (The beach is a little far.)

Tengo poco tiempo. = I have little time. (I don´t have much time.) (poco tiempo = little time)

Tengo poco tiempo.

Hay poca luz en esta habitación. = There is not much light in this room. (poca luz = not much light, little light)

Hay poca luz en esta habitación.

Ella come poco al mediodía. = She eats little at noon. (come poco = she eats little)

Ella come poco al mediodía

Hay pocas habitaciones vacantes en este hotel. = There are few vacant rooms in this hotel. (pocas habitaciones = few rooms )

Hay pocas habitaciones vacantes en este hotel.

Pocos supermercados abren a las 7 de la mañana. = Not many supermarkets open at 7 o´clock in the morning. (pocos supermercados = few supermarkets, not many supermarkets)

Pocos supermercados abren a las 7 de la mañana.

DEMASIADO

DEMASIADO = too much, too many

demasiado	too much (with uncountable masculine nouns)	Tenemos demasiado trabajo. (We have too much work.)
demasiada	too much (with uncountable feminine nouns)	Ellos toman demasiada cerveza. (They drink too much beer.)
demasiados	too many (with plural masculine nouns)	Hay demasiados turistas en la ciudad. (There are too many tourists in the city.)
demasiadas	too many (with plural feminine nouns)	Usted tiene demasiadas maletas. (You have too many suitcases.)
demasiado	too much (with verbs)	Tomas habla demasiado. (Tomas talks too much.)

Hace demasiado calor. = It is too hot. (demasiado calor = too hot)

Hace demasiado calor.

Este libro tiene demasiadas páginas. = This book has too many pages. (demasiadas páginas = too many pages)

Este libro tiene demasiadas páginas.

Pequeño Luis tiene demasiados juguetes. = Little Luis has too many toys. (demasiados juguetes = too many toys)

Pequeño Luis tiene demasiados juguetes.

Tú tomas demasiada limonada. = You drink too much lemonade. (demasiada limonada = too much lemonade)

Tú tomas demasiada limonada.

Alejandro trabaja demasiado. = Alejandro works too much. (trabaja demasiado = works too much)

Alejandro trabaja demasiado.

TODO = all, everything, the whole

TODO is very common and can be an adjective (all, every) or a pronoun (everyone, everything).

TODO as an adjective, adverb

todo	all, everything (with verbs)	Federico lee todo. (Federico reads everything.)
todo	all, the whole (with singular masculine nouns, uncountable masculine nouns)	Todo el restaurante está decorado. (All restaurant is decorated.)
toda	all, the whole (with singular feminine nouns, uncountable feminine nouns)	Trabajas toda la mañana. (You work all morning.)
todos	all, every (with plural masculine nouns)	Todos autobúses van a la capital. (All buses go to the capital.)
todas	all, every (with plural feminine nouns)	Todas las tiendas cierran a las 9 de la noche.(All shops close at nine.)

TODO as a pronoun can have singular and plural form:

Se vende todo.	Everything is for sale.
Voy a ver todo.	I am going to watch everything.
Todos llegan a tiempo.	Everyone arrives on time.
La comida les gusta a todos.	Everyone likes the food.

Siempre como todo. = I always eat everything. (como todo = I eat everything)

Siempre como todo.

Decoramos toda la casa. = We decorate the whole house. (toda la casa = the whole house)

Decoramos toda la casa.

Todas las mamás aman a sus hijos. = All moms love their children. (todas las mamás = all moms)

Todas las mamás aman a sus hijos.

Todos los estudiantes estudian bien. = All the students study well. (todos los estudiantes = all students)

Todos los estudiantes estudian bien.

Todo el departamento es moderno. = The whole apartment is modern. (todo el departamento = the whole apartmento)

Todo el departamento es moderno.

Todo es hermoso aquí. = Everything is beautiful here. (todo = everything)

Todo es hermoso aquí.

Quiero todo. = I want everything. (todo = everything)

Quiero todo.

UNOS, UNAS = some, a few

unos	a few, some (with masculine plural nouns)	Conozco a unos estudiantes de Canada.
unas	a few, some (with feminine plural nouns)	Necesito unas monedas.

Viajo con unos amigos. = I travel with some friends. (unos = some)

Viajo con unos amigos.

Siempre me compro unas flores. = I always buy some flowers for myself. (todo, pronoun, = everything)

Siempre me compro unas flores.

TANTO = so much, so many

We use TANTO with nouns and it agrees with them in number and gender.

tanto	so much (with a singular masculine noun)	No puedes comer tanto helado. (You can´t eat so much ice cream.)
tanta	so much (with a singular feminine noun)	Jorge toma tanta cerveza. (Jorge drinks so much beer.)
tantos	so many (with a plural masculine noun)	Es dificil escoger de tantos buenos restaurantes. (It is difficult to choose from so many good restaurants.)
tantas	so many (with a plural feminine noun)	A la playa llegan tantas personas. (So many people arrive to the beach.)

Tanto tiempo tienes y no haces nada. = You have so much time and you don´t do anything. (tanto tiempo = so much time)

Tanto tiempo tienes y no haces nada.

Hay tanta buena música y a ti te gusta solo el rock. = There is so much good music and you like only rock. (tanta buena música = so much of good music)

Hay tanta buena musica y a ti te gusta solo el rock.

Conoces tantos lugares. = You know so many places. (tantos lugares = so many places)

Conoces tantos lugares.

Vas a tantas fiestas. No te cansas? = You go to so many parties. Don´t you get tired? (tantas fiestas = so many parties)

Vas a tantas fiestas. Don´t you get tired?

BASTANTE, SUFICIENTE = enough

Bastante and suficiente has the same form in both genders.

Bastante and suficiente have plural form.

No tenemos suficiente gasolina.

No comes suficiente, eres muy delgado.

Hay suficiente sal en la sopa.

Hay bastante comida para todos.

Bastantes estudiantes son extranjeros.

Tenemos suficientes empleados.

Siempre llegan bastantes turistas.

Hay bastantes huevos en la nevera.

CADA = every, each

Cada has always the same form.

Cada casa tiene balcón.

Cada mujer quiere ser bonita.

Cada niño recibe regalos de Navidad.

Corro cada manana.

AMBOS = both

Ambos has also a feminine form that we use with feminine nouns.

ambos	both (with masculine plural nouns)	Me gustan ambos libros. (I like both books.)
ambas	both (with feminine plural nouns)	Ambas habitaciones son amplias. (Both rooms are spacious.)

Ambos tenistas son muy buenos.

Me gustan ambas bufandas.

VARIOS = several

varios	several (with masculine plural nouns)	Siempre compro varios tipos de fruta. (I always buy several kinds of fruit.)
varias	several (with masculine plural nouns)	Le gustan varias peliculas con este actor. (She likes several movies with this actor.)